Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when one or more pelvic organs slip down from their normal position and bulge into the vagina. This common condition affects the bladder, uterus, rectum, or vaginal vault when supportive muscles and tissues weaken.

Treatable Condition
Expert Care Available
CausesSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentHome CarePreventionSurgery

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What Causes It?

Pregnancy and vaginal childbirth, especially prolonged labor or large babies

Aging and menopause with decreased estrogen levels

Chronic straining from constipation, heavy lifting, or chronic cough

Previous pelvic surgeries including hysterectomy

Genetic predisposition with naturally weaker connective tissues

Obesity placing increased pressure on pelvic floor muscles

Signs & Symptoms

Feeling of pressure, heaviness, or fullness in the pelvis

Visible or palpable bulge protruding from the vagina

Urinary problems including incontinence or difficulty emptying bladder

Bowel dysfunction such as constipation or need for manual assistance

Discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse

Lower back pain and pelvic discomfort that worsens with activity

How We Diagnose

Our specialists use advanced diagnostic methods to accurately identify and assess your condition

Pelvic Examination

A systematic physical examination where the healthcare provider examines the vaginal walls while the patient performs a Valsalva maneuver to assess the extent and location of organ prolapse.

POP-Q Assessment

Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system is the gold standard measurement tool that uses specific anatomical landmarks to grade prolapse severity from Stage 1 to Stage 4.

Dynamic Pelvic MRI

Advanced imaging study performed during rest and straining that provides detailed three-dimensional images of pelvic organs and floor muscles, particularly useful for complex multi-compartment prolapse.

Urodynamic Testing

Specialized tests to evaluate bladder function and urinary symptoms that commonly accompany prolapse, helping to plan comprehensive treatment approaches.

Cystoscopy

A minimally invasive procedure using a thin camera to examine the inside of the bladder and urethra, particularly when urinary symptoms are present.

Treatment Options

Personalized treatment plans tailored to your specific needs and condition

1

Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy

Supervised strengthening program focusing on pelvic floor muscle training, including Kegel exercises and functional movement patterns to improve support and reduce symptoms.

2

Vaginal Pessary

A removable silicone or rubber device inserted into the vagina to provide mechanical support for prolapsed organs. Available in various shapes and sizes, fitted by a healthcare provider.

3

Hormone Therapy

Estrogen replacement therapy, typically as vaginal creams or tablets, to strengthen vaginal tissues and reduce symptoms in postmenopausal women with mild prolapse.

4

Reconstructive Surgery

Surgical procedures to restore organs to their original position using native tissue repair or mesh augmentation, performed through vaginal or abdominal approaches.

5

Obliterative Surgery

Procedures that narrow or close the vagina to provide organ support, typically reserved for women who are not sexually active and want a highly successful, less invasive option.

Home Remedies

Daily Kegel Exercises

Contract pelvic floor muscles for 5-10 seconds, then relax for equal time. Perform 10-20 repetitions, 3 times daily to strengthen supportive muscles and potentially prevent worsening.

Dietary Fiber and Hydration

Maintain a high-fiber diet with adequate water intake to prevent constipation and reduce straining during bowel movements, which can worsen prolapse symptoms.

Weight Management

Maintain a healthy body weight through balanced nutrition and appropriate exercise to reduce pressure on pelvic floor muscles and decrease prolapse progression risk.

Activity Modification

Avoid heavy lifting, prolonged standing, and high-impact activities that increase abdominal pressure. Use proper lifting techniques and take frequent rest breaks.

Supportive Positioning

Use a footstool during bowel movements, sleep with hips slightly elevated, and avoid prolonged sitting or standing to reduce gravitational pressure on prolapsed organs.

Prevention Tips

Perform regular pelvic floor exercises throughout life, especially during and after pregnancy

Maintain healthy body weight and engage in appropriate physical activity

Prevent and treat constipation with adequate fiber, fluids, and proper toileting habits

Use proper lifting techniques and avoid heavy lifting when possible

Seek treatment for chronic cough conditions and avoid smoking

Consider hormone replacement therapy discussion with healthcare provider during menopause

Surgical Solutions

Advanced surgical procedures performed by our expert specialists

Sacrocolpopexy

Gold standard abdominal procedure using mesh to attach the vaginal apex to the sacrum, providing long-term support with high success rates

Anterior/Posterior Colporrhaphy

Vaginal repair of front or back vaginal wall prolapse using native tissue reinforcement

Uterosacral Ligament Suspension

Native tissue repair that attaches the vaginal apex to the uterosacral ligaments for apical support

Colpocleisis

Obliterative procedure that narrows the vagina to provide support, with high success rates for non-sexually active patients

Laparoscopic/Robotic Repair

Minimally invasive techniques for prolapse repair with smaller incisions and faster recovery times

Ready to Take the Next Step?

Our specialists are here to provide expert care for pelvic organ prolapse. Schedule your consultation today.

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Sunday: 9:00 AM - 2:00 PM