Health Conditions
Learn about various health conditions, their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Each condition page provides comprehensive information about the condition and links to related procedures available at Blume Health.
Health Conditions
Melanoma (Skin Cancer)
Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer, developing in the cells (melanocytes) that produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. While it can develop anywhere on the body, melanoma most often appears on the face or trunk in men, and on the legs in women. It can also form in the eyes, mouth, or internal organs. Melanoma is much less common than other skin cancers but is more dangerous because it's more likely to spread if not caught early. The good news is that melanoma is highly curable when detected in its early stages. Risk factors include UV exposure, fair skin, history of sunburns, multiple or unusual moles, family history, and weakened immune system.
Acid Reflux & Acidity Problems
Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation, inflammation, and symptoms like heartburn. While occasional acid reflux is common, frequent episodes may indicate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Acidity problems refer to excessive acid production in the stomach, leading to discomfort, burning sensation, and indigestion. At Blume Health, our gastroenterology team offers comprehensive diagnosis and treatment for acid reflux and related digestive disorders.
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties. It can affect people of all ages and is often triggered by allergens, exercise, cold air, infections, or environmental irritants. Asthma episodes, known as asthma attacks, range from mild to life-threatening. Although there is no cure, proper treatment and lifestyle management can control symptoms and prevent flare-ups.
Pancreatic Disorders
Pancreatic disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting the pancreas, a vital organ located behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin and glucagon. These disorders include inflammatory conditions (pancreatitis), cancers, cysts, and endocrine disorders that affect hormone production. Due to the pancreas's deep location in the abdomen, disorders often present late and can be challenging to diagnose and treat. At Blume Health, our multidisciplinary team of gastroenterologists, surgeons, oncologists, and endocrinologists provides comprehensive care for all pancreatic conditions.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, often disabling disease that affects the central nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering (myelin) that surrounds nerve fibers, causing communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body. Eventually, the disease can cause permanent damage or deterioration of the nerves. MS typically follows one of several patterns: relapsing-remitting MS (periods of new symptoms followed by partial or complete recovery), secondary progressive MS (steadily worsening symptoms after an initial relapsing-remitting course), primary progressive MS (gradually worsening symptoms from onset), or progressive-relapsing MS (steadily worsening disease from the beginning, with acute relapses). While there is no cure for MS, treatments can help manage symptoms and modify the disease course.
Anemia
Anemia is a condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body's tissues. Having anemia can make you feel tired and weak. There are many forms of anemia, each with its own cause.
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent disorders affecting movement and posture that appear in early childhood. It is caused by non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing brain, often before birth. CP is the most common motor disability in childhood, affecting approximately 1 in 500 children globally. The condition is characterized by abnormal muscle tone, reflexes, and motor development, which can affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture. The severity, specific symptoms, and affected body parts vary widely among individuals with CP. While the brain damage that causes cerebral palsy doesn't progress, the resulting movement disorders may change over time. Cerebral palsy is often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behavior, as well as epilepsy and secondary musculoskeletal problems. Though there is no cure for cerebral palsy, various interventions and treatments can significantly improve a person's capabilities and quality of life.
Vertigo
Vertigo is a specific type of dizziness characterized by the sensation that you or your surroundings are spinning or moving when there is no actual movement. This false sense of motion can be disorienting and often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulty maintaining balance. Unlike general dizziness, which can feel like lightheadedness or faintness, vertigo is a distinct rotational sensation. It results from problems in the inner ear or brain that affect the body's balance system. Vertigo can range from a mild nuisance to a severely debilitating condition that significantly impacts daily activities. The symptoms may last from a few seconds to days or longer, depending on the underlying cause. With proper diagnosis and treatment, many people with vertigo can find significant relief and improved quality of life.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) encompasses a group of chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the digestive tract, primarily including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These conditions involve immune system dysfunction where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the digestive tract, causing inflammation, damage, and various symptoms. At Blume Health, our gastroenterology team offers comprehensive management strategies for IBD patients.
Bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition where the airways (bronchi) become permanently widened, leading to a build-up of mucus and frequent lung infections. This abnormal widening damages the cilia (tiny hair-like structures that clear mucus), causing persistent coughing, excessive phlegm production, and recurring respiratory infections. Bronchiectasis can develop after severe lung infections, immune system problems, or other chronic lung diseases. While there is no cure, early diagnosis, proper treatment, and lifestyle changes can slow its progression and improve quality of life.
Ureteropelvic Junction (UPJ) Obstruction
Ureteropelvic Junction (UPJ) Obstruction is a condition where the normal flow of urine from the renal pelvis (part of the kidney) to the ureter is blocked or slowed down. This obstruction can lead to kidney swelling (hydronephrosis), impaired kidney function, and recurrent urinary tract infections. UPJ obstruction can be present at birth (congenital) or develop later in life due to scarring, kidney stones, tumors, or blood vessel compression. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term kidney damage.
Abdominal Skin Laxity
Abdominal skin laxity refers to loose, sagging skin in the abdominal area that has lost its elasticity and ability to retract. This condition typically occurs after significant weight loss, pregnancy, or as a natural part of the aging process. The skin, having been stretched beyond its capacity to fully return to its original state, appears loose and may hang or fold over itself. Often accompanied by weakened abdominal muscles (diastasis recti) and excess fat deposits, abdominal skin laxity can cause physical discomfort, skin irritation, and emotional distress. While not medically dangerous, many people seek treatment for both functional and aesthetic reasons.
Pediatric Asthma
Pediatric asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. It is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, affecting approximately 7.9% of children in India. A systematic review and meta-analysis examining asthma prevalence among Indian children found this consistent rate across multiple studies involving over 167,000 children. In children with asthma, the airways are hyperresponsive and become inflamed and narrow when triggered by certain stimuli such as allergens, respiratory infections, exercise, or cold air. This narrowing reduces airflow to the lungs, causing the characteristic symptoms. The prevalence is higher in urban areas compared to rural settings and more common among boys than girls. While some children may outgrow asthma as they get older, many will continue to have the condition into adulthood. With proper management including medication, trigger avoidance, and education according to Indian Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, most children with asthma can lead normal, active lives with minimal symptoms and few limitations.
Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement. It develops when neurons in a specific area of the brain gradually break down or die. These neurons produce dopamine, a chemical messenger that helps coordinate movement. As dopamine levels decrease, abnormal brain activity occurs, leading to the characteristic motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The condition typically develops gradually, sometimes starting with a barely noticeable tremor in just one hand. While tremor is a well-known sign, the disorder also commonly causes stiffness and slowing of movement. Parkinson's disease symptoms worsen as the condition progresses over time, significantly impacting quality of life. Although there is no cure, medications and various therapies can markedly improve symptoms.
Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)
Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common type of abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia). In AFib, the heart's upper chambers (atria) beat irregularly and often rapidly, out of coordination with the lower chambers (ventricles). This disrupts normal blood flow through the heart and increases the risk of blood clots, which can lead to stroke. AFib can be occasional (paroxysmal), persistent, or permanent. While some people with AFib don't experience symptoms, others may feel palpitations, weakness, fatigue, or shortness of breath. AFib itself isn't usually life-threatening, but it requires proper management to prevent complications, particularly stroke.
Melasma
Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by symmetrical brown or grayish-brown patches, typically on the face. It results from overproduction of melanin (skin pigment) and is often associated with hormonal changes and sun exposure.
Chronic Ear Infections
Chronic ear infections, also known as chronic otitis media, occur when ear infections don't completely heal or recur frequently. These persistent or recurring infections affect the middle ear, the air-filled space behind the eardrum that contains the tiny vibrating bones of the ear. Chronic ear infections can lead to long-term problems such as hearing loss, eardrum perforations, and damage to the bones of the middle ear if left untreated. They are particularly common in children but can affect people of all ages.
Congenital Heart Defects
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are structural problems with the heart that are present at birth. These defects result from abnormal formation of the heart during fetal development and can affect the heart walls, valves, or blood vessels. CHDs are the most common type of birth defect, affecting nearly 1% of births worldwide. They range from simple conditions that might cause no symptoms and require no treatment to complex defects that are life-threatening and require immediate intervention after birth. Many congenital heart defects can now be detected before birth through prenatal ultrasound screening. With advances in diagnosis and treatment, including improved surgical techniques and cardiac catheterization procedures, the prognosis for children with CHDs has improved dramatically in recent decades. Most children with congenital heart defects now survive into adulthood, though many require ongoing cardiac care throughout their lives.
Weight Loss/Metabolic Surgery
Weight loss (bariatric) and metabolic surgeries are procedures that alter the digestive system to help patients with severe obesity lose weight and improve metabolism-related health conditions such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. These surgeries work by restricting how much food the stomach can hold, limiting nutrient absorption, or a combination of both. At Blume Health, our multidisciplinary team offers comprehensive care and support before, during, and after metabolic surgery.
Constipation
Constipation is a common digestive condition where bowel movements become infrequent, difficult, or incomplete. It occurs when stool moves too slowly through the colon, making it hard and dry. While occasional constipation is normal, chronic constipation can significantly affect quality of life and may indicate underlying health issues. Factors such as poor diet, dehydration, lack of physical activity, medications, and certain medical conditions can contribute to the problem.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) grows outside the uterus. Endometriosis most commonly involves the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tissue lining the pelvis. Rarely, endometrial-like tissue may be found beyond the area where pelvic organs are located. With endometriosis, the endometrial-like tissue acts as endometrial tissue would — it thickens, breaks down, and bleeds with each menstrual cycle. But because this tissue has no way to exit the body, it becomes trapped. When endometriosis involves the ovaries, cysts called endometriomas may form. Surrounding tissue can become irritated, eventually developing scar tissue and adhesions — bands of fibrous tissue that can cause pelvic tissues and organs to stick to each other.
Jaundice
Jaundice is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes, and whites of the eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. Jaundice itself is not a disease but a sign of an underlying condition affecting the liver, bile ducts, or red blood cells. At Blume Health, our gastroenterology team offers comprehensive diagnosis and treatment for jaundice and its underlying causes.
Ovarian Cysts
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside the ovaries. Most ovarian cysts are harmless, cause little or no discomfort, and disappear without treatment within a few months. However, some cysts can grow large, cause symptoms, or be indicators of other conditions. There are different types of ovarian cysts, including functional cysts (which form during the normal menstrual cycle), endometriomas (associated with endometriosis), dermoid cysts (containing tissue such as hair, skin, or teeth), and cystadenomas (filled with watery or mucous material). While most ovarian cysts are benign, some can be cancerous, making proper evaluation important.
Fungal Sinusitis
Fungal sinusitis is a sinus infection caused by fungal organisms rather than bacteria or viruses. It can be non-invasive, affecting only the surface of the sinuses, or invasive, spreading deeper into sinus tissues and surrounding structures. This condition often occurs in individuals with weakened immune systems, chronic sinus inflammation, or allergies. Symptoms can include nasal congestion, facial pain, headache, and sometimes discolored nasal discharge.
Flat or Sagging Buttocks
Learn about Flat or Sagging Buttocks, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options at Blume Health.
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH) refers to darkened patches or spots on the skin that appear after an inflammatory event such as acne, eczema, burns, cosmetic treatments, or trauma. It occurs due to overproduction of melanin as the skin heals, especially in individuals with medium to dark skin tones.
Uterine Fibroids
Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are benign (non-cancerous) growths of muscle tissue that develop in the wall of the uterus. They can vary greatly in size, from tiny seedlings invisible to the naked eye to bulky masses that can distort and enlarge the uterus. A woman can have a single fibroid or multiple ones. Fibroids are extremely common, affecting up to 80% of women by age 50, with higher prevalence in women of African descent. Many women with fibroids experience no symptoms at all, while others may have significant symptoms that affect their quality of life, including heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and reproductive problems.
Brain Tumors
Brain tumors are abnormal growths of cells within the brain or the central spinal canal. They can be primary (originating in the brain) or metastatic (spreading from cancers elsewhere in the body). Primary brain tumors develop from brain cells, supportive tissue cells, or the brain's blood vessels. They vary widely in aggressiveness, from slow-growing benign tumors to rapidly growing malignant ones. The location of a brain tumor is often more critical than whether it's benign or malignant, as even benign tumors can be life-threatening if they compress vital brain structures. Brain tumors affect people of all ages, from children to older adults, though specific types are more common in certain age groups. Advances in diagnostic techniques, surgical approaches, radiation delivery methods, and targeted therapies have significantly improved outcomes for many patients with brain tumors.
Influenza (Flu)
Flu (Influenza) is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses, affecting the nose, throat, and sometimes the lungs. Unlike the common cold, the flu develops suddenly and is typically more severe, leading to high fever, body aches, and extreme fatigue. It spreads mainly through airborne droplets when infected individuals cough, sneeze, or talk. While most people recover in 1–2 weeks, the flu can cause serious complications in young children, elderly adults, pregnant women, and people with chronic health conditions. Annual flu vaccination is the most effective prevention method.
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a central nervous system (neurological) disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness. Anyone can develop epilepsy. Epilepsy affects both males and females of all races, ethnic backgrounds, and ages. Seizure symptoms can vary widely. Some people with epilepsy simply stare blankly for a few seconds during a seizure, while others repeatedly twitch their arms or legs. Having a single seizure doesn't mean you have epilepsy. At least two seizures without a known trigger (unprovoked seizures) that happen at least 24 hours apart are generally required for an epilepsy diagnosis.
Leukemia
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow, characterized by the abnormal production of white blood cells. These malignant cells crowd out healthy blood cells, impair normal blood function, and can spread to other parts of the body. Leukemia is classified into four main types based on how quickly it progresses (acute or chronic) and which type of white blood cell is affected (lymphocytic or myeloid). Acute leukemias progress rapidly and require immediate treatment, while chronic forms typically develop more slowly. The disease affects people of all ages, though certain types are more common in specific age groups. With advances in treatment, many people with leukemia now achieve remission or long-term control of their disease, with some types considered highly curable, particularly in children.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. It includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, and is primarily caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke.
Tinnitus
Tinnitus, often described as a ringing in the ears, is the perception of sound without an external source. The sound can vary—ringing, buzzing, hissing, clicking, or roaring—and may occur in one or both ears. This condition affects millions worldwide and can be temporary or chronic. Tinnitus is commonly caused by hearing loss, prolonged noise exposure, earwax buildup, or medical conditions such as Meniere’s disease. Early diagnosis and the right treatment can help manage symptoms effectively and improve quality of life.
Hair Loss (Alopecia)
Learn about Hair Loss (Alopecia), its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options at Blume Health.
Type 1 Diabetes (Juvenile Diabetes) in India
Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic autoimmune condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone needed to allow glucose (sugar) to enter cells to produce energy. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of being used by cells, leading to high blood sugar levels and potentially serious complications. In India, approximately 97,700 children are living with type 1 diabetes, and the condition is increasing at a rate of 3-5% per year with approximately three new cases per 100,000 children aged 0-14 years. The prevalence shows significant urban-rural differences, with urban areas showing rates as high as 31.9 per 100,000 compared to 4.27 per 100,000 in rural areas. Type 1 diabetes most commonly develops in children, adolescents, and young adults, though it can appear at any age. Unlike type 2 diabetes, type 1 is not related to lifestyle factors such as diet or exercise. While there is currently no cure, with proper insulin therapy, blood sugar monitoring, and lifestyle management according to Indian guidelines, people with type 1 diabetes can lead long, healthy, and active lives.
Acne Scars
Acne scars are textural and pigmentary changes in the skin that occur after severe or prolonged acne. They result from inflammation, loss or excess of tissue, and improper healing. Commonly found on the face, chest, and back, acne scars are a frequent cosmetic concern.
Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy refers to a range of conditions that involve damage to the peripheral nervous system, the vast network of nerves that transmits information between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the rest of the body. These nerves include sensory nerves that receive sensations like touch, temperature, and pain; motor nerves that control muscle movement; and autonomic nerves that regulate functions like blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, and bladder function. Damage to these nerves can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which nerves are affected. Peripheral neuropathy may affect a single nerve (mononeuropathy), several nerves in different areas (multiple mononeuropathy), or many nerves simultaneously (polyneuropathy). With proper diagnosis and treatment, many people with peripheral neuropathy can manage their symptoms and maintain quality of life.
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. There are several types of diabetes, with Type 1, Type 2, and gestational diabetes being the most common. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin, typically appearing in childhood or adolescence. Type 2 diabetes, the most prevalent form, involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, often developing in adulthood and associated with lifestyle factors. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after delivery, though it increases future diabetes risk. Regardless of type, uncontrolled diabetes can lead to serious complications affecting the heart, blood vessels, nerves, eyes, and kidneys. With proper management through medication, lifestyle modifications, and regular monitoring, people with diabetes can lead long, active lives while minimizing complication risks.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that causes pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and arm. It occurs when the median nerve, one of the major nerves of the hand, is compressed as it travels through the carpal tunnel—a narrow passageway of ligament and bones at the base of the hand. The median nerve controls sensation and muscle movement in the thumb and first three fingers (but not the little finger). Various factors can cause the carpal tunnel to narrow or the tissues within it to swell, putting pressure on the median nerve. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent permanent nerve damage and worsening symptoms. CTS is more common in women than men and typically affects people between 30 and 60 years of age. With appropriate treatment, symptoms can often be relieved without surgery, though more severe cases may require surgical intervention.
Developmental Delays
Developmental delay is a term used when a child has not reached key developmental milestones at the expected age. These delays may affect one or more areas of development, including gross motor skills (like sitting, crawling, walking), fine motor skills (like picking up small objects or drawing), language and speech (understanding and producing words), cognitive abilities (thinking, learning, problem-solving), or social and emotional skills (interacting with others, regulating emotions). When delays occur in multiple areas, it may be referred to as global developmental delay. In India, the prevalence of developmental delays is significant, with studies showing approximately 5.4% of children with hearing impairment, 4.79% with cognitive delay, 5-10% with vision impairment, and 5-8% with speech and language delay. The Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) defines Global Developmental Delay as "significant delay (at least 2 standard deviations below the mean with standardized developmental tests) in at least two developmental domains in children under 5 years of age." It's important to understand that children develop at their own pace, and minor variations from typical timelines are normal. However, significant or persistent delays warrant evaluation to identify any underlying causes and to initiate appropriate interventions. The Indian government has implemented a program called "Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)" which focuses on early identification and intervention services for children. Early identification and intervention for developmental delays can substantially improve outcomes, as younger brains have greater neuroplasticity—the ability to form new connections and adapt.
Erectile Dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction (ED), also known as impotence, is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. It's a common condition affecting millions of men worldwide, particularly as they age. ED can be a sign of underlying health issues, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or hormonal imbalances, or it may be related to psychological factors like stress, anxiety, or depression. While the condition can be distressing, most cases of ED are treatable with modern medical approaches.
Chronic Sinusitis
Chronic sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses that lasts for at least 12 weeks, despite treatment attempts. The sinuses are air-filled spaces behind your forehead, nasal bones, cheeks, and eyes that produce mucus, which drains into the nasal passages. When the sinuses become inflamed and swollen, drainage is blocked, and mucus builds up. This creates an environment that makes it difficult to breathe through your nose and may cause facial pain, headache, and other symptoms that can significantly impact quality of life.
Angina (Chest Pain)
Angina is chest pain or discomfort that occurs when an area of your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. It's a common symptom of coronary artery disease, which happens when the arteries that supply blood to your heart become narrowed or blocked. Angina is not a disease but a symptom of an underlying heart problem. There are several types, including stable angina (predictable pain triggered by physical exertion or stress), unstable angina (occurs unexpectedly, even at rest, and may signal an impending heart attack), variant angina (caused by coronary artery spasm), and microvascular angina (caused by dysfunction in the small coronary arteries).
Common Cold
The common cold is a mild viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, primarily affecting the nose and throat. It is usually caused by rhinoviruses, though other viruses such as coronaviruses, adenoviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can also be responsible. Symptoms typically develop gradually and may last for 7–10 days. While the cold is generally harmless, it can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications in people with weakened immune systems, asthma, or chronic respiratory illnesses.
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Learn about Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options at Blume Health.
Perforated Eardrum
A perforated eardrum, also known as a tympanic membrane perforation, is a hole or tear in the thin tissue that separates your ear canal from your middle ear. This membrane plays an important role in hearing by vibrating when sound waves enter the ear canal. It also provides protection for the middle ear from water, bacteria, and other foreign substances. A perforation can occur due to infection, trauma, or pressure changes, and may cause symptoms including hearing loss, ear pain, and drainage. While many perforations heal on their own within weeks, some require medical intervention.
Pediatric Pneumonia
Pediatric pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that affects infants and children, caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It leads to inflammation in the lung’s air sacs (alveoli), which may fill with fluid or pus, making breathing difficult. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications, especially in young children with weaker immune systems.
Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control, forming a malignant tumor. It occurs primarily in women, but men can develop it too. There are several types of breast cancer, including ductal carcinoma (starting in the milk ducts), lobular carcinoma (in the milk-producing glands), and less common varieties. Breast cancer can be invasive, spreading to surrounding tissues, or non-invasive (in situ), remaining in its original location. Early detection through screening, advances in treatment, and better understanding of risk factors have significantly improved breast cancer outcomes, with many patients now achieving long-term survival and cure.
Pancreatitis (Acute & Chronic)
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin. Acute pancreatitis appears suddenly and lasts for days, while chronic pancreatitis develops over many years and can lead to permanent damage. Both can be serious conditions requiring prompt medical attention. At Blume Health, our gastroenterology team provides comprehensive care for all forms of pancreatitis.
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when one or more pelvic organs slip down from their normal position and bulge into the vagina. This common condition affects the bladder, uterus, rectum, or vaginal vault when supportive muscles and tissues weaken.
Vitiligo
Vitiligo is a long-term skin condition characterized by patches of skin losing their pigment, resulting in white patches on different areas of the body. It occurs when melanocytes, the cells responsible for skin color, are destroyed. Vitiligo can affect any part of the body, including the skin, hair, and the inside of the mouth. The condition is not contagious or life-threatening, but it can be psychologically distressing. It affects people of all skin types, but it may be more noticeable in people with darker skin. The extent and rate of color loss from vitiligo is unpredictable, and it may remain stable for years, or spread rapidly. Vitiligo is generally considered an autoimmune disorder, where the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the melanocytes.
Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs, typically originating in the cells lining the air passages. The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer (about 85% of cases) and small cell lung cancer (about 15%), which differ in how they grow and spread, and how they are treated. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, largely because it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. While smoking is the primary risk factor, responsible for about 80-90% of cases, lung cancer can also occur in non-smokers due to exposure to radon, asbestos, air pollution, or genetic factors. Early detection through screening in high-risk individuals and advances in treatment have improved outcomes for many patients.
Gastro Problems
Gastro problems encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the digestive system, from the esophagus to the rectum. These include common issues like indigestion, gastritis, peptic ulcers, and functional disorders that cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits. At Blume Health, our gastroenterology team provides comprehensive diagnosis and treatment for the full spectrum of digestive disorders.
Heart Failure
Heart failure, sometimes called congestive heart failure (CHF), is a chronic, progressive condition where the heart muscle cannot pump blood as efficiently as it should. This means the heart cannot keep up with its workload, causing symptoms like shortness of breath and fatigue. Heart failure doesn't mean your heart has stopped working—it means it needs support to work better. There are two main types: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, or systolic heart failure) where the heart muscle doesn't contract effectively, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF, or diastolic heart failure) where the heart muscle is stiff and doesn't relax properly.
Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries, the female reproductive organs that produce eggs and hormones. It ranks as the fifth most common cause of cancer deaths among women and is often called the "silent killer" because symptoms are typically subtle and appear only after the disease has spread. There are several types of ovarian cancer, with epithelial tumors (which begin in the cells covering the ovaries) being the most common, accounting for about 90% of cases. Other types include germ cell tumors (starting in egg cells) and stromal tumors (beginning in the cells that produce hormones). The prognosis for ovarian cancer largely depends on how early it's detected. When found in its earliest stages, the five-year survival rate can exceed 90%, but unfortunately, only about 20% of cases are diagnosed early. With advances in treatment options and ongoing research, outcomes continue to improve for women with ovarian cancer.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormone (androgen) levels. The ovaries may develop numerous small collections of fluid (follicles) and fail to regularly release eggs. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown. Early diagnosis and treatment along with weight loss may reduce the risk of long-term complications such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
Diverticulitis
Diverticulitis is a digestive condition that occurs when small pouches (diverticula) that develop in the walls of the colon become inflamed or infected. These pouches are common in people over 40 and are usually harmless (a condition called diverticulosis). However, when bacteria or stool get trapped inside them, it can lead to inflammation, pain, and complications. Diverticulitis can be acute (sudden and severe) or chronic (recurrent episodes), and in severe cases, it may cause abscesses, perforations, or intestinal blockages.
Chronic Illness
A chronic illness is a long-lasting health condition that may not have a cure and can persist for months or even a lifetime. These conditions often affect a person’s daily life and require ongoing medical care or lifestyle adjustments. Common chronic illnesses include diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, asthma, and chronic kidney disease.
Stroke
A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of your brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells begin to die in minutes. A stroke is a medical emergency, and prompt treatment is crucial. Early action can reduce brain damage and other complications. The good news is that many fewer Americans die of stroke now than in the past. Effective treatments can also help prevent disability from stroke.
Severe Hearing Loss
Severe hearing loss is a significant reduction in hearing ability that substantially impacts daily communication and quality of life. With severe hearing loss, conversation becomes difficult even with hearing aids, and sounds must be very loud to be heard at all. This condition can result from various causes, including genetics, aging, exposure to loud noises, certain medications, or illness. Severe hearing loss may be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life, and it can be categorized as sensorineural (affecting the inner ear or auditory nerve), conductive (affecting the outer or middle ear), or mixed (a combination of both).
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system, including kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract — the bladder and the urethra. Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than men.
Lower Back Pain
Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems, affecting 8 out of 10 people at some point during their lives. It can range from a dull, constant ache to a sudden, sharp sensation that leaves the person incapacitated. Lower back pain can begin quickly if you fall or lift something too heavy, or it can develop over time due to age-related changes in the spine. Most low back pain is acute, or short term, and lasts a few days to a few weeks. It tends to resolve on its own with self-care and there is no residual loss of function. Chronic back pain is defined as pain that continues for 12 weeks or longer, even after an initial injury or underlying cause of acute low back pain has been treated.
High Cholesterol
Learn about High Cholesterol, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options at Blume Health.
Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that gradually destroys memory, thinking skills, and eventually, the ability to carry out simple tasks. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases. The disease is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein deposits in the brain: amyloid plaques outside nerve cells and tau tangles inside nerve cells, leading to neuron damage and death. Alzheimer's typically begins with mild memory loss and can progress to severe cognitive and functional impairment. While the disease primarily affects older adults (with the risk doubling every five years after age 65), early-onset Alzheimer's can occur before age 65. Although there is no cure, treatments can temporarily slow symptom progression and improve quality of life for patients and their caregivers.
Liver Disease
Liver disease encompasses a range of conditions that affect liver function and health, including fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The liver performs hundreds of essential functions, from detoxification to protein synthesis and digestion support. When liver function is compromised, it can have wide-ranging effects on overall health. At Blume Health, our hepatology team offers comprehensive care for all forms of liver disease, from early diagnosis to advanced treatment, including liver transplantation.
Pediatric Eczema in India
Pediatric eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy skin and recurrent rashes. It affects approximately 15-20% of children in India, with prevalence varying by region and urban-rural setting. This common childhood condition typically begins in infancy, with 60% of cases appearing within the first year of life. In Indian children, eczema often presents with increased hyperpigmentation compared to Western populations. The condition is part of the "atopic march," where children develop eczema first, followed by food allergies, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. While genetics play a significant role, environmental factors like climate, pollution, and dietary habits also influence disease expression. Studies from major Indian cities show increasing prevalence, especially in urban areas with higher pollution levels. Though not contagious, eczema significantly impacts quality of life through sleep disturbance, social stigma, and psychological distress. With proper management following culturally appropriate protocols, most children experience improvement with age.
Urinary Incontinence
Learn about Urinary Incontinence, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options at Blume Health.
Cervical Dysplasia
Cervical dysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the cells on the surface of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. These changes are not cancer, but they can be precancerous, meaning they might develop into cervical cancer if left untreated. Cervical dysplasia is typically categorized based on severity as mild (CIN 1), moderate (CIN 2), or severe (CIN 3), with higher grades indicating more extensive cell abnormalities and greater risk of progression to cancer. The condition is usually asymptomatic and is most often detected through routine Pap smears. With regular screening and appropriate treatment when necessary, cervical dysplasia can be effectively managed before it progresses to cancer.
Dermatitis (Eczema)
Dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a group of conditions that cause inflammation of the skin. It typically results in dry, itchy skin with a red rash, though symptoms can vary widely depending on the specific type of dermatitis. The condition is not contagious but can be persistent and recurrent. There are several types of dermatitis, including atopic dermatitis (the most common form, often beginning in childhood), contact dermatitis (caused by direct contact with an irritant or allergen), seborrheic dermatitis (affecting oily areas of the body), and others. While there is no cure for most types of dermatitis, treatments can help manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups.
Rotator Cuff Injuries
The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of your upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder. Rotator cuff injuries are common and increase with age. These injuries can cause a dull ache in the shoulder, which often worsens when you try to sleep on the affected side. Rotator cuff injuries range from mild inflammation and tendinitis to partial or complete tears of the tendon. Treatment depends on the severity of the injury but might include physical therapy, steroid injections, or surgery.
Herniated Disc
A herniated disc, also known as a slipped or ruptured disc, occurs when some of the soft interior material of an intervertebral disc pushes through a tear in the tougher exterior casing. Spinal discs are the cushion-like pads between the vertebrae that act as shock absorbers, allowing for flexibility and movement in the spine. When a disc herniates, the protruding material can press on nearby nerves, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs, depending on the location of the herniation. Herniated discs most commonly occur in the lower back (lumbar spine), but can also affect the neck (cervical spine) or, rarely, the upper back (thoracic spine). Many people with herniated discs experience no symptoms and may not even know they have the condition. For those who do have symptoms, most improve with conservative treatment within a few weeks or months, though some cases may require surgical intervention.
Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia is a condition characterized by enlargement of the male breast tissue. It can affect one or both breasts, sometimes unevenly. Gynecomastia isn't a serious medical problem, but it can cause significant psychological distress, including embarrassment, social anxiety, and reduced self-confidence. The condition results from an imbalance in the hormones estrogen and testosterone. Though it can affect males of any age, it's especially common during puberty and in older men due to normal hormonal changes. In many cases, gynecomastia resolves on its own, but if it persists and causes significant discomfort or psychological distress, treatment including medication or surgery may be recommended.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pulmonary Fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease where the lung tissue becomes scarred and stiff, making it difficult for the lungs to work properly. Over time, this scarring, known as fibrosis, reduces the lungs’ ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream, leading to breathing difficulties. The condition can result from long-term exposure to harmful substances, autoimmune diseases, or idiopathic causes (unknown reasons). Pulmonary Fibrosis worsens gradually, and while it has no definitive cure, early diagnosis and treatment can slow its progression and improve quality of life.
Cleft Lip and Palate
Cleft lip and cleft palate are birth defects that occur when a baby's lip or mouth doesn't form properly during pregnancy. A cleft lip appears as a split or opening in the upper lip, ranging from a small notch to a complete separation extending into the nose. A cleft palate is an opening in the roof of the mouth (palate) that can involve the hard palate, soft palate, or both. These conditions can occur separately or together, and may be unilateral (affecting one side) or bilateral (affecting both sides). Clefts are among the most common birth defects worldwide, affecting approximately 1 in 700 babies. While they can cause challenges with feeding, speech, hearing, and dental development, modern treatment approaches involving a multidisciplinary team of specialists can address these issues effectively. With proper care, children born with cleft lip and/or palate typically achieve normal appearance, speech, and quality of life.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a rare inflammatory disease that causes tiny clumps of immune cells (granulomas) to form in various organs, most often the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, and skin. The cause is not fully understood, but it’s believed to be triggered by an abnormal immune response to unknown substances. While some people recover without treatment, others may require long-term care to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
GI Cancers (Stomach, Colon, Esophagus, Liver, Pancreas)
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers include a diverse group of malignancies that affect the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, liver, and pancreas. These cancers vary in their causes, symptoms, and treatments, but all require specialized care. At Blume Health, our multidisciplinary team of gastroenterologists and oncologists offers comprehensive diagnosis, treatment, and support for patients with GI cancers.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells, leading to scaling, inflammation, itching, and redness. It can appear anywhere on the body and may come and go in cycles. Though there is no cure, effective treatments and lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms.
Acoustic Neuroma
Acoustic neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma, is a noncancerous tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve, which connects the inner ear to the brain. This slow-growing tumor can affect hearing, balance, and facial sensations. If left untreated, it may lead to hearing loss, imbalance, and in rare cases, serious neurological complications. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for better outcomes.
Small or Asymmetrical Breasts
Small or asymmetrical breasts are common variations in female breast anatomy. Small breasts (micromastia) may be due to genetic factors, hormonal influences, or developmental issues. Breast asymmetry, where one breast differs from the other in size, shape, or position, affects most women to some degree, though significant asymmetry may cause physical discomfort or emotional distress. These conditions are not medical concerns but may impact body image and self-confidence. Both can be addressed through various surgical and non-surgical approaches, depending on individual anatomy and personal goals.
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition where the force of blood against your artery walls is consistently too high. Often called the "silent killer" because it typically has no symptoms but can lead to serious health problems like heart disease and stroke. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and recorded as two numbers: systolic pressure (when the heart beats) over diastolic pressure (when the heart rests). Normal blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg, while hypertension is diagnosed at 130/80 mmHg or higher.
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver cirrhosis is a late-stage liver disease in which healthy liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue, preventing the liver from functioning properly. The scar tissue blocks the flow of blood through the liver and slows the liver's ability to process nutrients, hormones, drugs, and toxins. It also reduces the production of proteins and other substances made by the liver. Cirrhosis is a progressive disease that develops slowly over many years and can lead to liver failure if not properly managed.
Childhood Obesity
Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition where children and adolescents have excess body fat that negatively affects their health and well-being. In India, the condition has reached concerning levels, with the pooled prevalence of childhood obesity estimated at 8.4% and childhood overweight at approximately 12.4%. By 2035, it is projected that India will be home to 83 million children with overweight or obesity, accounting for a prevalence rate of 24%. According to the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP), childhood obesity is diagnosed using body mass index (BMI) calculations adjusted for age and sex. For children under 5 years, weight-for-length/height using WHO charts is used, while for children 5-18 years, BMI using IAP 2015 charts identifies overweight and obesity. What makes this trend particularly concerning in India is the rapid transition from a historical focus on undernutrition to a "double burden" where both undernutrition and overweight coexist, even within the same communities and households. Studies show the prevalence is higher in urban areas and among higher socioeconomic groups, though rates are rising across all demographics. Research from South India demonstrated this trend, with overweight rates increasing from 4.94% in 2003 to 6.57% in 2005. This condition puts Indian children at risk for numerous health complications including type 2 diabetes (for which India is projected to become the world capital by 2025), high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. While the causes are multifaceted—involving dietary shifts toward processed foods, reduced physical activity, and genetic factors—childhood obesity is largely preventable through comprehensive approaches that combine modern medical guidance with traditional Indian wisdom on nutrition and lifestyle.
Cystic Fibrosis – Understanding the Genetic Disorder and Its Management
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lifelong genetic disorder that affects the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. It causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and other organs, leading to breathing difficulties, lung infections, and poor nutrient absorption. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can help manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve life expectancy.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine. Unlike inflammatory bowel disease, IBS doesn't cause changes in bowel tissue or increase the risk of colorectal cancer, but it can significantly impact quality of life through chronic symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits. IBS is considered a disorder of gut-brain interaction, involving factors such as intestinal motility, visceral hypersensitivity, gut microbiome changes, and psychological influences. At Blume Health, our gastroenterology team provides comprehensive, personalized care for IBS patients through an integrated approach addressing both physical symptoms and psychological aspects.
Celiac Disease
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten—a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye—triggers an immune response that damages the small intestine. This damage leads to inflammation and villous atrophy (flattening of the small fingerlike projections lining the small intestine), which reduces the surface area available for nutrient absorption. As a result, people with celiac disease can experience malnutrition and various systemic symptoms, despite eating a balanced diet. At Blume Health, our gastroenterology team provides expert diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing management for celiac disease patients.
Cardiac Arrhythmias
Cardiac arrhythmias are disturbances in the normal rhythm of the heartbeat. The heart may beat too fast (tachycardia), too slow (bradycardia), or with an irregular rhythm. These abnormal heart rhythms occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats aren't working properly. Arrhythmias range from harmless to life-threatening, depending on the type and severity.
Respiratory Infections
Learn about Respiratory Infections, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options at Blume Health.
Heart Valve Disease
Heart valve disease occurs when one or more of your heart valves don't work properly. Your heart has four valves (mitral, tricuspid, pulmonary, and aortic) that open and close to direct blood flow through your heart. Valve problems can include regurgitation (leaky valve), stenosis (narrowed valve), or prolapse (bulging valve). These conditions can strain your heart and reduce blood flow, leading to various symptoms and potentially serious complications if left untreated.
Fever
Fever is a temporary rise in body temperature, often a sign that the immune system is fighting an infection or illness. It is typically defined as a body temperature above 100.4°F (38°C). Fever can result from bacterial or viral infections, inflammatory conditions, heat exhaustion, certain medications, or underlying chronic illnesses. While mild fever is usually harmless and self-limiting, high or persistent fever may require medical attention to prevent complications.
Hyperpigmentation
Hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition where patches of skin become darker than the surrounding areas due to excess melanin production. It can result from sun exposure, hormonal changes, inflammation, or injury and is treatable through topical creams, cosmetic procedures, and preventive care.
Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer refers to cancers that begin in the colon or rectum, which together make up the large intestine, the final part of the digestive tract. Most colorectal cancers start as small, noncancerous (benign) clumps of cells called polyps that form on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. Over time, some of these polyps can develop into cancer. Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, but with early screening and detection, it is highly treatable and often preventable. Regular screenings can identify and remove precancerous polyps before they develop into cancer, making colorectal cancer one of the most preventable types of cancer.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), is a complex, chronic illness characterized by extreme fatigue that lasts for at least six months and cannot be fully explained by an underlying medical condition. The fatigue worsens with physical or mental activity but doesn't improve with rest, significantly affecting daily activities and quality of life.
Enlarged Prostate (BPH)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), commonly known as an enlarged prostate, is a non-cancerous condition where the prostate gland grows larger with age. The prostate is a walnut-sized gland that surrounds the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body) in men. As the prostate enlarges, it can squeeze or partially block the urethra, causing urinary symptoms. BPH is extremely common, affecting about 50% of men over age 50 and up to 90% of men over age 80. While it is not life-threatening, it can significantly impact quality of life if symptoms become severe.
Sleep Apnea
Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. These breathing pauses can last from a few seconds to minutes and may occur 30 times or more an hour. The most common type is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), where the throat muscles relax and block the airway. Central sleep apnea occurs when the brain doesn't send proper signals to the muscles that control breathing. Complex sleep apnea syndrome, also known as treatment-emergent central sleep apnea, occurs when someone has both obstructive and central sleep apnea. Left untreated, sleep apnea can lead to serious health complications including high blood pressure, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and liver problems.
Nasal Polyps
Nasal polyps are soft, painless, noncancerous growths that develop on the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses due to chronic inflammation. They are often associated with allergies, asthma, recurring infections, or immune disorders. Nasal polyps can vary in size and may cause nasal congestion, breathing difficulties, loss of smell, and frequent sinus infections.
Burn Scars
Burn scars are permanent marks that develop after thermal injuries to the skin from heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or friction. When burns damage the deep layers of the skin (dermis), the healing process results in scar formation. The appearance and characteristics of burn scars vary widely depending on the depth, size, location, and severity of the original burn, as well as factors like age, genetics, and post-injury care. Common types include hypertrophic scars (raised, red, and confined to the burn area), contracture scars (tight scars that restrict movement), and keloid scars (overgrown scars that extend beyond the original burn). Beyond their physical appearance, burn scars can cause significant functional limitations, pain, itching, and psychological distress. Modern treatment approaches combine non-surgical therapies like pressure garments and silicone products with surgical interventions when necessary. With advances in burn care and plastic surgery techniques, significant improvements in both the function and appearance of burn scars are possible, though complete restoration to pre-injury condition remains challenging.
Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rhythm)
Bradycardia is a condition where your heart beats slower than normal - typically fewer than 60 beats per minute for adults. While this can be normal during sleep or in physically fit individuals, bradycardia can also indicate a problem with your heart's electrical system. When your heart beats too slowly, it may not pump enough oxygen-rich blood to your body, leading to various symptoms. There are different types of bradycardia, including sinus bradycardia (slow rate from the sinus node) and heart blocks (disruptions in the electrical pathways).
Deviated Septum
A deviated septum occurs when the thin wall (septum) between your nostrils is displaced to one side, making one nasal passage smaller than the other. Most people have some degree of septal deviation, but when it's severe, it can block one side of the nose and reduce airflow, causing difficulties with breathing and other symptoms. A deviated septum may be present at birth, can develop during growth, or can result from injury to the nose.
Hernias
A hernia occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weakened area in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue (fascia). In the digestive system, common hernias include hiatal hernias (stomach protruding through the diaphragm), inguinal hernias (intestine protruding through the abdominal wall in the groin), umbilical hernias (around the navel), and incisional hernias (at the site of previous surgery). Hernias can cause discomfort, digestive symptoms, and in some cases, serious complications if they become strangulated. At Blume Health, our gastroenterologists and surgeons provide comprehensive care for all types of hernias, from diagnosis to surgical repair using advanced minimally invasive techniques.
Acute Sinusitis
Acute sinusitis, also called acute rhinosinusitis, is a sudden-onset inflammation or infection of the sinus cavities, typically lasting less than four weeks. It is most commonly triggered by viral upper respiratory tract infections but can also be caused by bacteria or, rarely, fungi. The swelling of the sinus lining blocks normal mucus drainage, leading to nasal congestion, facial pain, and sinus pressure. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can relieve symptoms quickly and prevent recurrence.
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