Pediatrics
Our pediatrics department provides compassionate, comprehensive healthcare for children from birth through adolescence. Our child-friendly facilities and specialized pediatric teams ensure the highest quality of care focused on the unique needs of growing children and their families.
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Pediatric Eczema in India
Pediatric eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy skin and recurrent rashes. It affects approximately 15-20% of children in India, with prevalence varying by region and urban-rural setting. This common childhood condition typically begins in infancy, with 60% of cases appearing within the first year of life. In Indian children, eczema often presents with increased hyperpigmentation compared to Western populations. The condition is part of the "atopic march," where children develop eczema first, followed by food allergies, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. While genetics play a significant role, environmental factors like climate, pollution, and dietary habits also influence disease expression. Studies from major Indian cities show increasing prevalence, especially in urban areas with higher pollution levels. Though not contagious, eczema significantly impacts quality of life through sleep disturbance, social stigma, and psychological distress. With proper management following culturally appropriate protocols, most children experience improvement with age.
Pediatric Asthma
Pediatric asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. It is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, affecting approximately 7.9% of children in India. A systematic review and meta-analysis examining asthma prevalence among Indian children found this consistent rate across multiple studies involving over 167,000 children. In children with asthma, the airways are hyperresponsive and become inflamed and narrow when triggered by certain stimuli such as allergens, respiratory infections, exercise, or cold air. This narrowing reduces airflow to the lungs, causing the characteristic symptoms. The prevalence is higher in urban areas compared to rural settings and more common among boys than girls. While some children may outgrow asthma as they get older, many will continue to have the condition into adulthood. With proper management including medication, trigger avoidance, and education according to Indian Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, most children with asthma can lead normal, active lives with minimal symptoms and few limitations.
ADHD in Children
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with functioning and development. In India, the prevalence of ADHD among children ranges from 1.3% to 17%, with studies showing an average of 6-10% across different regions - higher than the global average. Particularly concerning is that in many parts of India, ADHD remains underdiagnosed due to limited awareness and access to specialized care. ADHD symptoms typically appear in early childhood, often becoming more noticeable when children enter structured educational settings. The condition impacts a child's ability to regulate attention, activity level, and impulses, affecting academic performance, social relationships, and daily functioning. In the Indian context, studies show the condition is more prevalent among boys than girls (with a ratio of approximately 3:1) and more common in urban areas compared to rural settings. Higher rates are also observed in families from middle and higher socioeconomic backgrounds. ADHD is not a result of laziness, poor parenting, or lack of intelligence—it stems from differences in brain development and function. With proper diagnosis following Indian Psychiatric Society guidelines and comprehensive treatment that may integrate both conventional and traditional approaches, children with ADHD can learn to manage their symptoms effectively and lead successful, fulfilling lives.
Childhood Obesity
Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition where children and adolescents have excess body fat that negatively affects their health and well-being. In India, the condition has reached concerning levels, with the pooled prevalence of childhood obesity estimated at 8.4% and childhood overweight at approximately 12.4%. By 2035, it is projected that India will be home to 83 million children with overweight or obesity, accounting for a prevalence rate of 24%. According to the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP), childhood obesity is diagnosed using body mass index (BMI) calculations adjusted for age and sex. For children under 5 years, weight-for-length/height using WHO charts is used, while for children 5-18 years, BMI using IAP 2015 charts identifies overweight and obesity. What makes this trend particularly concerning in India is the rapid transition from a historical focus on undernutrition to a "double burden" where both undernutrition and overweight coexist, even within the same communities and households. Studies show the prevalence is higher in urban areas and among higher socioeconomic groups, though rates are rising across all demographics. Research from South India demonstrated this trend, with overweight rates increasing from 4.94% in 2003 to 6.57% in 2005. This condition puts Indian children at risk for numerous health complications including type 2 diabetes (for which India is projected to become the world capital by 2025), high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. While the causes are multifaceted—involving dietary shifts toward processed foods, reduced physical activity, and genetic factors—childhood obesity is largely preventable through comprehensive approaches that combine modern medical guidance with traditional Indian wisdom on nutrition and lifestyle.
Developmental Delays
Developmental delay is a term used when a child has not reached key developmental milestones at the expected age. These delays may affect one or more areas of development, including gross motor skills (like sitting, crawling, walking), fine motor skills (like picking up small objects or drawing), language and speech (understanding and producing words), cognitive abilities (thinking, learning, problem-solving), or social and emotional skills (interacting with others, regulating emotions). When delays occur in multiple areas, it may be referred to as global developmental delay. In India, the prevalence of developmental delays is significant, with studies showing approximately 5.4% of children with hearing impairment, 4.79% with cognitive delay, 5-10% with vision impairment, and 5-8% with speech and language delay. The Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) defines Global Developmental Delay as "significant delay (at least 2 standard deviations below the mean with standardized developmental tests) in at least two developmental domains in children under 5 years of age." It's important to understand that children develop at their own pace, and minor variations from typical timelines are normal. However, significant or persistent delays warrant evaluation to identify any underlying causes and to initiate appropriate interventions. The Indian government has implemented a program called "Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)" which focuses on early identification and intervention services for children. Early identification and intervention for developmental delays can substantially improve outcomes, as younger brains have greater neuroplasticity—the ability to form new connections and adapt.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person perceives and interacts with others, communicates, learns, and behaves. In India, current epidemiologic estimates suggest there are approximately 1.7-2 million individuals with autism, with prevalence rates of around 0.9-1.1 per 1,000 children in some regions, though rates vary widely across different studies. In a community-based study in Himachal Pradesh, a prevalence rate of 0.9 per 1,000 was found in children aged 1-10 years. Studies from Kerala report higher rates of 23.3 per 10,000 in semi-urban communities. The term "spectrum" reflects the wide variation in challenges and strengths possessed by each person with autism. Some individuals with ASD may require significant support in their daily lives, while others may need less support and, in some cases, live entirely independently. ASD begins before the age of 3 and typically lasts throughout a person's life, although symptoms may improve over time. The condition affects people of all backgrounds across India, with studies showing male predominance (approximately 3:1 male-to-female ratio) and higher diagnosis rates in urban areas and among upper socioeconomic groups, possibly due to greater awareness and access to diagnostic services. Early diagnosis and intervention, though still developing in many parts of India, can significantly improve developmental outcomes and quality of life for children with ASD.
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